WORKS SPECIFICATION
6B TIMBER FIXTURES
6B.1 GENERAL
6B.1.1 CROSS REFERENCES
General
Refer to the following sections:
− 1B GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
− 1C ADHESIVES, SEALANTS & FASTENERS
− 1D METALS AND PREFINISHES
Related sections
Refer to the following Sections:
− timber general 3F CARPENTRY & JOINERY
− Stone associated with joinery: 5C STONEWORK
− Metalwork: 6A METAL FIXTURES
− Glass & mirrors: 4H GLAZING
− Acrylic benches, vanities, etc.5D STONE & CERAMIC TILING
6B.2 QUALITY
6B.2.1 INSPECTION
Witness points
Give sufficient notice so that inspection may be made of items fabricated off site before delivery.
Hold points
Approval of samples and sample installations.
6B.2.2 SAMPLES
General
Submit samples of the following:
− Each type of bench or vanity top.
− Each type of board to be used complete with finish and edge stripping.
− Each type of joint.
Each type of hardware.
6B.2.3 PROTOTYPES
Sample installations
General: Where multiple fixed furniture units are required under the Contract, fabricate and install a prototype of each type complete with hardware and finishes and in accordance with the approved shop drawings.
Location: As directed by the Architect.
6B.2.4 CONTRACTOR’S SUBMISSIONS
Shop drawings
Submit shop drawings to a scale not smaller than 1:20, showing
− overall dimensions;
− materials, thicknesses and finishes of elements including doors, divisions, shelves and benches;
− type of construction including mitre joints and junctions of members;
− hardware type and location;
− temporary bracing, if required;
− procedures for shop and site assembly and fixing;
− locations of benchtop joints;
− locations of sanitary fixtures, stoves, ovens, sinks, and other items to be installed in the units; and
− relationship of fixture to adjacent building elements.
6B.3 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS
6B.3.1 MATERIAL AND COMPONENTS
Joinery timber
Generally: Use species and graded timbers as specified in Section 3F CARPENTRY & JOINERY.
Plywood
Refer Section 3F CARPENTRY & JOINERY.
Particleboard
To be used only in internal spaces and only the High moisture resistant grade (HMR).
Melamine overlaid particleboard: Particleboard overlaid on both sides with low pressure melamine.
Medium density fibreboard (MDF)
Standard: To AS/NZS 1859.2 (int).
High moisture resistance grade (HMR): Use in moisture prone areas.
Medium density fibreboard: Medium density fibreboard spray painted on both sides with high gloss polyurethane.
Decorative overlays
Standard: To AS/NZ 1859.3.
Decorative laminated sheets
Standard: To AS 2924.
Thickness (minimum):
− For horizontal surfaces fixed to a continuous background: 1.2 mm.
− For vertical surfaces fixed to a continuous background: 0.8 mm.
− For post formed laminate fixed to a continuous background: 0.8 mm.
− For vertical surfaces fixed intermittently (e.g. to studs): 3.0 mm.
− For edge strips: 0.4 mm.
Glass and mirror splashbacks
Refer details and finishes schedule.
Fix to plywood backing with compatible double sided tape. For fixing of mirrors refer section
4H GLAZING.
Exposed edges to be polished.
Seal edges to prevent water penetration with non-acetic silicone and in vertical edges wheredirected by the Architect.
6B.4 FURNITURE
6B.4.1 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY
General
Accuracy: Build components square and install plumb.
Joints: Use materials in single lengths whenever possible. If joints are necessary make them over supports.
Framing: Frame and trim where necessary for openings, including those required by other trades.
Accessories and trim
Provide accessories and trim necessary to complete the installation.
Fasteners
Visibility: Do not use visible fixings except in the following locations:
− Inside cupboards and drawer units.
− Inside open units in which case use proprietary caps to conceal fixings.
Visible fixings: Where fastenings are unavoidable on visible joinery faces, sink the heads below the surface finish. In surfaces which are to have clear or tinted finish use matching wood plugs showing face grain (not end grain). In surfaces which are to have melamine finish use proprietary screws and caps finished to match.
Fixing to building structure: Use screws with washers for fixing into timber or steel framing, or masonry anchors.
Adhesives
General: Use adhesives to transmit the loads imposed and to ensure the rigidity of the assembly, without causing discolouration of finished surfaces.
Decorative laminated sheets: Use contact adhesive to AS 2131.
Finishing
Junctions with structure: scribe benchtops, ends of cupboards, kickboards and returns to
follow the line of structure.
Joints: Scribe internal and mitre external joints.
Edge strips: Finish exposed edges of sheets with edge strips, which match sheet faces.
Matching: For surfaces, which are to have clear or tinted finish, arrange adjacent pieces to
match the grain and colour.
Labelling
Permanently mark each unit of furniture with the manufacturer’s name, on an interior surface.
6B.4.2 TIMBER INTERNAL LININGS
Generally: To be select grade Tasmanian Oak
Samples: Showing the maximum variation in the timber colour and grain are to be agreed and signed by the Architect and the Contractor and be securely stored on site at all times. Any
timber outside that range in the Architect’s opinion will be rejected.
Finish: Refer section PAINTING.
Fixings: To be stainless steel pin head nails approved by the Architect or waterproof glued.
Joints: Timbers generally are to be in a single length. Where long runs occur e.g. skirtings, ends are to be cut on a 45° angle.
Widths: Where exceeding 150 mm. Tongue and grooved joints are to occur and be glued and clamped until set. Location of joints widths are to be approved but generally in the
middle or in equal strips.
Fillers: Are not be used without written permission of the Architect.
6B.4.3 CUPBOARD, SHELF AND DRAWER UNITS
Plinths
Material: High moisture resistant medium density fibreboard.
Thickness: 16 mm.
Fabrication: Form up with front and back members and full height cross members at not more than 900 mm centres.
Finish: Decorative laminated sheet unless otherwise shown on the Drawings or scheduled.
Installation: Scribe to floor and secure to wall to provide level platform for carcasses.
Carcasses
Material: Melamine overlaid high moisture resistant medium density fibrework.
Thickness: 16mm.
Joints: Select from the following:
− Proprietary mechanical connections.
− Dowels and glue.
− Screws and glue.
− Proprietary joining plates and glue.
Adjustable shelves: Support on proprietary pins in holes bored at equal centres vertically.
− Spacing: 32 mm.
Finish: Decorative laminated sheet: Refer to INTERNAL FINISHES SCHEDULE.
Fasteners: Conceal with finish.
Installation: Secure to walls at not more than 600 mm centres.
Drawer fronts and doors
Material: Melamine or timber veneer or polyurethane spray overlaid high moisture resistant
medium density fibreboard.
Thickness: 16 mm.
− Maximum door size: 2400 mm high, 900 mm wide, 1.5 m² on face.
Drawer fronts: Rout for drawer bottoms.
Finish: Decorative laminated sheet. Refer to INTERNAL FINISHES SCHEDULE.
Drawer backs and sides
Material: PVC film wrapped particleboard.
Thickness: 12 mm.
Installation: Mitre corners leaving outer skin of foil intact, finish with butt joints, glue to form carcass and screw to drawer front. Rout for drawer bottoms.
Drawer bottoms
Material: PVC film laminated hardboard.
Thickness: 6 mm.
6B.4.4 VANITY TOPS
Granite benchtops
Materials: Polished granite.
Benchtop thickness: 20 mm with 16 water resistant base
Refer to INTERNAL FINISHES SCHEDULE.
Sealing underside: Laminate undersides of benchtops if
− Subject to excessive moisture
− The benchtop is not restrained against warping by cupboard carcass or support framing.
Installation: Scribe to walls. Fix to carcass at least twice per 600 mm length of benchtop.
Joint sealing: Fill joint with sealant matching finish and clamp with proprietary mechanical connectors.
Corian benchtops
To be of selected solid colour non porous homogenously composed natural minerals and high performance acrylics.
Benchtops to be 19mm thick with single or double bowls of flush seamed construction undermounting and bevel mounting techniques for seamless installation of bowls.
Construct in single sheets with, upstands, fascias, etc. as shown or scheduled.
Do not install Corian where moisture could be trapped behind. Check with the manufacturer as to what chemicals can stain the surface.
For making joints in Corian custom edges, repairs, etc. use DuPont Joint Adhesive. Caulk between the Corian and adjoining surfaces with a special “Silicone Sealant for DuPont Corian”.
Do not use water based adhesives.
6B.4.5 TIMBER FLOORING
No timber flooring or backing is to be placed on the concrete screeded base until:
− The glazing of the floor and all floors above is complete.
− Wall and ceiling plastering is complete (except Styroplast and Drywall partitions).
− Stonework and tiling is complete
− The floor screed is properly cured and moisture content is less than 7%.
Lay a base of T&G or lapped waterproof ply sheets, min. 9mm thick to sub-base after testing for moisture content and glue fix with resin based adhesive. Finish 6mm clear of walls. Under no circumstances may water based adhesive be used.
Glue fix parquetry or timber strip flooring with approved water-free adhesive to the dry, clean plywood base to the suppliers recommendation.
Setout boards in direction shown and measure the exact centre to fix the first board so that the end boards finish equally at the boundary walls. Check that walls are straight with 90° corners. If not, advise the Architect so setout can be adjusted.
Glue fix only boarding to plywood with a glue containing NO water
Allow for 6mm expansion and contraction at walls and around columns.
Barricade the area during laying and curing and until adequate protection is permanently installed.
Finish flooring with 3 coats of Polyurethane 30% gloss as recommended by the manufacturer.
6B.4.6 TIMBER BEADING
Where shown steel framed windows and doors to be provided with timber beading as detailed having:
− Mitred corners
− Sized to incorporate 2 mm wide silicone glazing on both sides of the glass.
− A 1 mm gap between beading and steel where insect screens occur.
− Form 5 x 5 groove wherever timber is butted up to steel frame.
Fix to frames with countersunk head self tapping screws approximately 100 mm from corners
and at 500 mm centres into pre-drilled steel. Where screws pass through steel and are
exposed, grind smooth.
6B.4.7 HARDWARE (BY P.S.)
Drawer and door hardware
| Hardware Item | Description | Proprietary Item (or approved equal) |
|---|---|---|
| Handles | s.s. grap rails as detailed | - |
| Hinges Pivot | All-metal; zinc with alloy boss; 110 deg opening | Hettich Intermat Top 9943 (9955 where greater than 110 deg is required) |
| Hinges Fully concealed | 180deg opening. Sized to suite door thickness | Soss hinges SS or SCP finish |
| Drawer runners: | Hafele catalogue Stainless steel, full extension of cupd. depth | Forte 50 RVS size to match cupd. |
| Medium duty | Fully extending, telescopic with nylon wheels | Hettich FR602L |
| Cupboard catches | Double brass rollers | Lockwood (SCP) |
| Drawer locks | none |
| Glass shelf supports | Solid brace (without sockets): nickel plated | Hafele 282.04.711 |
| Wooden shelf supports | As above | Ex-Cellent H nickel plated Hafele 282. 23. 725 |
6C SIGNAGE
6C.1 GENERAL
6C.1.1 CROSS REFERENCES
General
Refer to the following sections:
− 1B GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
− 1C ADHESIVES, SEALANTS & FASTENERS
− 1D METALS AND PREFINISHES
Related sections
Refer to the following Sections:
− provisional sum: 1A PRELIMINARIES
6C.1.2 STANDARDS
Signs
Signs generally – design and use: To AS 2342.
Public information signs: To AS 2899.
Safety signs – design and use: To AS 1319.
6C.1.3 INTERPRETATION
Definitions
Statutory signs: All signage that is required by the Government authorities.
Changeable plate systems: Sign systems consisting of fixed plate holders to which may be attached or inserted removable interchangeable sign plates.
Variable room identification system: Changeable plate systems incorporating fixed room numbers and removable name strips.
Changeable letter systems: Sign systems consisting of display boards or holders into which can be inserted removable individual letters, numbers, etc.
Illuminated signs: Signs consisting of cabinets enclosing an illuminated source, lighting translucent face panels bearing the specified signage.
6C.2 QUALITY
6C.2.1 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
Generally
Coordinate with the provision of support at the building interface for fixing of signage elements.
All materials and workmanship shall be by specialist companies and workforces, fully qualified and experienced in signage work.
Minimum requirements
Provide signage systems and associated work, which shall:
− remain intact (and waterproof; exterior systems only) under the local and regional ambient climatic conditions;
− provide adequate means of dealing with waterproofing, vapour pressure, condensation, corrosion and thermal movement;
Ambient climatic conditions
Wind loading to BS CP3.2: V = 32 m/s. Take into account the variation in height, shape and all other factors, which are also applicable to the Works.
Design rainfall intensity: 330 mm/h.
Other imposed loadings
Comply with building regulations and statutory requirements.
Jointing
Joints shall provide for manufacturing tolerance, setting tolerance, thermal movement, waterproofness where exposed to exterior conditions, and removability where necessary for operation or maintenance.
6C.2.2 INSPECTION
Witness points
Give sufficient notice so that inspection may be made at the following stages:
− Typical framing assemblies for each type of exterior sign.
− Custom-built graphics items fabricated and ready to be delivered to the site.
− Graphics items delivered to site before installation.
− Building locations or substrates prepared to receive graphics items before they are installed.
Hold points
Approval of those parts which will be covered up or concealed, approval of samples and sample installations, and specified testing.
6C.2.3 SAMPLES
General
Material: Submit samples showing each colour and finish of exposed graphics materials and accessories. If there is a range of colours and/or textures for a particular item, submit samples showing the extremes and mean of the range.
6C.3 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS
6C.3.1 MATERIAL
Material standards
Aluminium:
− Plate for engraving: Alloy and temper designation 6063-0.
− For casting: To AS 1874.
Stainless steel: Surface finish designation 4 (general purpose polished).
Plastics:
− PVC sheet: Semi-rigid sheet to AS 2324.
− Rigid cellular polystyrene: To As 1366.3, class VH for cut-out shapes.
6C.3.2 WORKMANSHIP
Production
General: Form graphics items accurately with clean, well defined edges or arises, free from blemishes.
Prefabrication: Prefabricate and pre-assemble items in the workshop to the maximum extent practicable.
Welding: Carry out all welding in accordance with AS 1554; welded or soldered joints on exposed surfaces shall be ground, buffed or polished as applicable to the material and the specified finish.
Stainless steel: Fabricate in clean shops, isolated from contamination from other ferrous alloys. All tools used for fabrication shall be either used exclusively on the fabrication of stainless steel or alternatively fully cleaned before use.
Engraving: Precision machine engraving resulting in sharp edges and smooth excavated surfaces, filled with the colour, or excavated to expose the substrate in two-colour sheet plastic engraving.
Casting: Produce shapes free of pits, scale, blow holes or other defects, hand or machine finished if necessary.
Cut-out shapes: Cut from solid material and hand finish as necessary.
Photoprinting: Permanently print the characters on plate or sheet materials.
Installation
General: Except where set out otherwise on the Drawings, install signage level and plumb. Securely mount, with concealed theft-resistant fixings.
6C.4 COMPLETION
6C.4.1 COMPLETION
Warranties
Requirement: Provide Deeds of Warranty for the whole of the signage work including all associated and ancillary work. Refer to Clause WARRANTIES in Section 1A GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.
The Contractor shall carry out the work in a manner which ensures that the warranties o
manufacturer’s are not restricted or voided.
Warranty periods:
− External signs: TEN (10) years.
− Internal signs: FIVE (5) years.
6D WINDOW TREATMENT
6D.1 GENERAL
6D.1.1 CROSS REFERENCES
General
Refer to the following sections:
− 1A PRELIMINARIES
− 1B GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
− 1C ADHESIVES, SEALANTS & FASTENERS
− 1D METALS AND PREFINISHES
Related Sections
Refer to the following Sections:
− Provisional Sum 1A PRELIMINARIES
− FINISHES SCHEDULE
6D.1.2 INTERPRETATION
Definitions
Window treatments are coverings over the inside face of windows for privacy or heat reflectance in the form of curtains or blinds.
6D.2 QUALITY
6D.2.1 SUPPLIER
Supplier: Manufacturer, subsidiary or licensed agent shall be approved to supply the products specified, and to honor any claims against product presented in accordance with warranty.
6D.2.2 INSTALLER
Installer or agent shall be qualified to install specified products by prior experience, demonstrated performance and acceptance of requirements of manufacturer, subsidiary, or licensed agent. Installer shall be responsible for an acceptable installation.
6D.2.3 FIRE CLASSIFICATION
California U.S. Title 19 (small scale) NFPA 701-1999 TM#1 (small scale), NFPA 101(class A rating). UBC (Class 1),ASTM-G21 and ASTM-G22
All fabrics must be flame retardant and pass the above mentioned tests for flammability requirements and any regional/ local governing codes.
Do not provide materials which, when subject to fire conditions, will emit excessive smoke or dangerous fumes.
6D.2.4 BACTERIA RESISTANCE
Bacteria and fungal Resistance: ASTM-G21 and ASTM-G22
6D.2.5 COLOURFASTNESS TO LIGHT
To ASTM D3691, 1974 or 16E, 60 hours, class 4
6D.2.6 COLORFASTNESS TO CROCKING
To AATCC 8 – Dry Crocking, class 4 minimum. Wet Crocking, class 3.5 or better.
6D.2.7 PILING
To pass Brush Pill ASTM D 3511, class 4.5 minimum.
6D.2.8 SEAM SLIPPAGE
To pass Seam Slippage ASTM D3597-D434-75 25 lbs. minimum in warp & weft.
6D.2.9 TENSILE/ BREAKING STRENGTH
To Breaking strength ASTM D3597-D1682-64, 50lbs. minimum in warp & weft.
6D.2.10 ABRASION
To pass ASTM 3597 modified Wyzenbeek test, or ASTM D4966 Martindale test.
6D.2.11 ROLLER BLINDS
Standard: BS 476 : Part 7 : 1997. for Roller Blinds.
To have a Class 1 Surface Spread of Flame. For fiberglass-weave material.
6D.2.12 BLACK-OUT BLIND
Flammability Test: To conform to UL-214 : 1976.
6D.2.13 VERTICAL BLINDS
Fire resistance: AS 1530: Part 3. When tested in accordance with the Standard.
Ignitability Index: (0-20) Result: 0
Spread of Flame Index: (0-10) Result: 0
Smoke Developed Index: (0-10) Result 4 for Bond weave F/R fabric and result of 3 for 100% Coated polyester.
Vertical blinds fabrics: To AS 2663.3
6D.2.14 HORIZONTAL VENETIAN BLINDS
Standard: BS.3415 Louvres to be 6011 aluminium alloy 25 or 16mm wide of scheduled finish. All tilting, lifting cords etc to be 1.5mm dia polyester.
6D.2.15 ACOUSTIC WALL COVERING
Fire resistance: AS: 1530: Part 3. Ignitability: (0-20) Result: 0 Spread of Flame: (0-10) Result : 0 Smoke developed: (0-10) Result: 3
6D.3 INSPECTION
Subcontractor shall be responsible for mounting surfaces, installation conditions and field measurement for this work.
OTHER INTERACTING TRADES shall receive drawings of shade systems, dimensions, assembly and installation methods from subcontractor upon request
Witness points
Give sufficient notice so that inspection may be made at the following stages:
o Each batch of material upon delivery to the works
6D.4 CONTRACTOR’S SUBMISSION
General
o The contractor is considered to be an expert in this trade and as such is to advice the Architect/Designer of the unsuitability of a particular material for a window or opening, eg. Should a fabric have an excessive amount of diagonal stretch or torque for the smooth, even operation of the mechanism.
6D.5 SAMPLES
Sub contractor to submit one sample of each type for window treatment and acoustic wall covering as selected by the Architect/Designer
Sub contractor to submit labeled 300mm x 300mm samples illustrating the range of colour,
pattern, texture and pile yarn available in the required treatment and colour types.
Accessories
Submit samples of each of the following:
o Adhesive
6D.6 MATERIALS & COMPONENTS
General Unless otherwise scheduled, sheer drapes shall have 100% fullness; butt joined widths; The fullness of lined, patterned or heavy drapes shall be agreed with the Architect/designer in pre-tender discussions.
Operation general
Vertical blinds and drapes shall be operated by loop cords and tension pulleys. Unless otherwise required, openings shall be two way draw.
Roller Blinds
To be vinyl coated fibreglass in a selected mesh weave. The fibreglass shade shall be tested with a shading co-efficient of 0.34 against 6mm clear glass. A weight of 463 grams /m².
Roller mechanism shall be operated by a side pull cord of PVC nylon type bead chain to hold the blind at any position without slippage. Roller tube shall be extruded aluminium, approx. 40mm dia. Mounting brackets shall be electro galvanised steel powder-coat finished. Bottom rail to be 20 dia aluminium tube with high impact ABS end plugs.
Where motorized drive mechanisms are required the motor is to be a single phase 50Hz with planetary gears and self lubricating parts for maintenance free operation, encapsulated within a 46mm dia steel casing.
Black-out Blinds
To be of fibreglass core and 3 layers of PVC vinyl. Approx. weight 407 grams /m². Fibreglass
thread count – 10/m².
Adhesion (bond) strength: 2042 grams/50mm strip.
Roller mechanism: as for Roller Blinds.
Vertical Blinds
To be “Narrow-woven” 100% polyester, anti-static treated. Fabricate so that the louvres will not warp, curl or fade.
After weaving, complete the fabrics by colouring and coating the fabrics via a double dip or knife coat process. All fabrics to be machine washable.
Minimum mass: 215g/m² to 260g/m². Weaving width: 127mm.
Fabrics woven on a Broadloom then slit will not be allowed because of fraying at the edges.
Blind fabrics to be as woven by Mardo Australia.
Tracks are to be finished to the designers required colour.
Stacking of louvres to be on the side or bi-parting as required by the Designer.
Horizontal Venetian Blinds
Unless otherwise specified, aluminium slats to be 16mm wide.
Finish with PVFD paint to selected colours and percentage of gloss.
Where wooden slats are required, they are to be 50mm wide Cedar.
Acoustic Wall Coverings
100% polyester fibres thermally bonded.
2-3mm thick.
6D.7 PRODUCT DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
Delivery of Blind/ Drapery items or hardware at job site only, when the areas are ready for installation.
Fabricator/ sub contractor to deliver Blind/Drapery items securely wrapped and clearly marked for size and installation location.
All Blind/Drapery items to be protected from snagging, soil and other damage. In the event of Blind/Drapery suffer damage, the fabricator/ sub contractor shall clean, repair or replace at their cost.
All Blind/Drapery items to be delivered should be free of loose threads or lint, and horizontal creases.
All products shall be handled and stored to prevent damage to materials, finishes and operating mechanisms.
6D.8 FABRICATION
Blind/ Drapery measurements shall be accurate to within +18” or as recommended in writing
Approved Fabricators
Fabricators are to have a minimum of 5 years experience in Drapery Fabrication.
Manufacturer to be a single source of hardware units including accessories, mounting brackets and fastenings.
Fabric shall be inspected for flaws before fabrication by manufacturer.
6D.9 EXECUTION
6D.9.1 GENERAL
Prior to shade installation, area shall be enclosed.
Interior temperature shall be maintained between 60° F and 90° F during and after
installation; relative humidity shall not exceed 80%. All wet work shall be complete and dry.
INSTALLATION shall comply with manufacturer’s specifications, standards and procedures as detailed on contract drawings.
ADEQUATE CLEARANCE shall be provided to permit unencumbered operation of shade and
hardware.
Ensure no light leakage occurs at blackout drapes or blinds.
Blinds
Fix brackets into vertical walls wherever possible and with plastic tipped cadium plated or stainless steel screws.
Drapes
Bottom hems to be 150mm full double turned and finished with a “blind stitch” machine at 2:1 ratio. All hems shall be true and square. Covered lead weights shall be placed in the bottom corner of each panel.
Headings when installed in a curtain recess generally to be Roll Pleat System. When installed without a recess are to be Pinch Pleat System.
Lined drapery shall have lining securely attached at heading to prevent any roll-up or separating of lining at heading.
Acoustic wall coverings
To be fixed in accordance with manufacturers recommendations.
All coverings to be hung vertically.
Apply adhesive to the covering before fixing the drop to the wall.
Slip half of a 100 wide metal strip behind the edge of the drop being fixed and leave the strip in location until the next drop is positioned so that there is an overlap in the two drops.
When the joint is firmly located, cut over the overlaps with a straight edge and into the metal
strip to achieve a perfect butt joint.
Obtain the Architect/Designers approval for the first three drops before proceeding.
6D.9.2 SETTING OUT 6D.9.3 ADJUST, CLEAN AND PROTECT
Progressively clean (dirt, tool or finger marks), remove waste, excess material.
Any damage to surrounding areas that are the result of installation are to be bought to the
immediate attention of the Architect/Designer.
Sub contractor to make good/ repair any damages as a result of installation at their cost.
6D.10 COMPLETION
6D.10.1 DEMONSTRATION
Demonstrate operation method and instruct client’s personnel in the proper operation and maintenance.
6D.10.2 WARRANTY
Requirement: Provide Deeds of Warranty for the whole of the signage work including all associated and ancillary work. Refer to Clause WARRANTIES in Section 1B GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.
The Contractor shall carry out the work in a manner which ensures that the warranties of manufacturer’s are not restricted or voided.
Warranty period: THREE (3) years.
6E UPHOLSTERY
6E.1 GENERAL
The contractor is considered to be an expert in this trade and as such is to advice the Architect/Designer of the unsuitability of a particular material for upholstery.
Contractor is also responsible for the structural integrity and durability of finish and design of any upholstered seating produced.
Note: This section of specification should also be provided to the suppliers.
6E.1.1 CROSS REFERENCES
General
Refer to the following sections:
− 1B GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
− 1C ADHESIVES, SEALANTS & FASTENERS
− 1D METALS AND PREFINISHES
Related Sections
Refer to the following Sections:
Backing & framing 6A METAL FIXTURES
Backing & framing 6B TIMBER FIXTURES
6E.2 QUALITY
6E.2.1 FIRE RETARDANT QUALITY
Fire Classification
ASTM-E 1537 Test method for testing of real scale upholstered furniture item.
UL-1056 Fire test of upholstery furniture
To be the minimum fire rating for all Upholstery.
6E.2.2 SMOLDER RESISTANCE TREATMENT
To prevent smoldering (combustion without flame that may burn for a relatively long time while generating smoke, toxic gases, and heat),
6E.2.3 COLORFASTNESS TO LIGHT
Upholstery fabric to pass AATCC-16A-1974 or AATCC 16E-1976, with Class 4 minimum at 40 hr minimum light exposure.
6E.2.4 COLORFASTNESS TO CROCKING
Upholstery fabric to pass AATCC-8-1974, Dry & Wet crocking.
6E.2.5 SOIL RESISTANT PROTECTION
Indoors upholstery fabrics to be treated with Scotchgard, DuPont Teflon, or equivalent treatments.
6E.2.6 BACTERIA RESISTANCE
Bacteria and fungal Resistance: ASTM-G21 and ASTM-G22
6E.2.7 ABRASION
All upholstery fabric to pass ASTM 3597 modified Wyzenbeek test, or ASTM 4966 modified Martindale test
6E.2.8 SEAM SLIPPAGE
Fabric to pass Seam Slippage ASTM D3597-D434-75 25 lbs. minimum in warp & weft.
6E.2.9 TENSILE/ BREAKING STRENGTH
All upholstery fabric to pass Breaking strength ASTM D3597-D1682-64, 50lbs. minimum in warp & weft and to pass Brush Pill ASTM D3511
6E.2.10 FABRIC BACK COATING
All upholstery fabrics to have back coating, to increase dimensional stability, promote wear, and provide resistance to seam slippage.
6E.3 INSPECTION
Witness points
Give sufficient notice so that inspection may be made of items fabricated off site before
delivery.
Hold points
Approval of samples and sample installations.
6E.4 SAMPLES
Submit samples of the following:
− Each type of foam and fabric to be used completes with finish and edge stripping.
− Each type of joint.
6E.4.1 PROTOTYPES
Sample installations
General: Where multiple furniture units are required under the Contract, fabricate and install a prototype of each type complete with finishes and in accordance with the approved shop drawings.
Location and size of prototype: As directed by the Architect/Designer
6E.5 CONTRACTOR’S SUBMISSIONS
Shop drawings
Submit shop drawings to a scale not smaller than 1:5, showing:
− overall dimensions;
− materials, thicknesses and finishes of elements including fabrics, liners, underlays and combinations of foam.
− type of construction including mitre joints and junctions of members;
− procedures for shop and site assembly and fixing;
− locations of joints;
6E.6 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS
General
All upholstery material to be self-extinguishing in accordance with BS 476 Part 7 Class 1 Surface Spread of Flame.
All upholstery outdoor fabric should be 100% acrylic, durable in wind, resistant to permanent stains, water and mildew, with a guarantee of minimum 36months for not fading.
All upholstery fabric should be specified with a high thermoplastic content or foam of flame-retardant or heat barrier.
Tufting or other decorative surface treatment should be limited to vertical surfaces.
Tufting used on a horizontal seat and arm provides a critical area where a cigarette may lodge and burn unnoticed in a dimly lighted area.
Upholstery filling materials should be considered in relation to the fabric selected as the outer covering. Heat barriers, such as liners, should not be specified in seating that may be subject to vandalism (slashing or cutting) because this will render the liner ineffective.
Sufficient depth and stitches to eliminate seam slippage.
Thread of sufficient quality for contract use.
Seating contractor to test fabric for seam slippage prior to production sewing.
6E.6.1 FOAM
All foam to meet US CA117 minimum requirement (or equivalent) and/ or all applicable regional and local codes that exceed these requirements
Foam Specification: 1.8 Pounds/cubic foot minimum foam density, ILD (compression) 26-30 pounds to be used for seat cushions, 1.5 pounds/cubic foot minimum foam density, ILD (compression) 15 pounds to be used for backs.
Loose cushions to be reversible.
6E.6.2 SPRINGS
Sinuous wire springs for all seats and backs as required. Seat spring-8 Gauge & Back spring-11 gauge Cover seat springs with steel wire flexolator or equal product. Woven synthetic material to cover springs with foam applied on to it. Springs should be of sufficient quality to retain 95% memory for five years. Provide sufficient number of springs to ensure even weight distribution.
6E.6.3 LEATHER
To ISO/CD 16131 All leather used, to be free of blemishes, scratches & holes.
Flammability
Boston Fire Code (BFD 1X-1), California Technical Bulletin 117, Cigarette Ignition Resistance (NFPA 260), Ignitability of Upholstered Seating by Smouldering & Flaming Sources (BS5852), IMO Resolution A.652(16),Surface Building Characteristics of Building Materials (ASTM E 84).
Performance characteristics
Abrasion -ASTM D 3884 & ASTM D 7255
Breaking Force -ASTM 2208 (100lbs) & To BS 3144:1968
Crocking -ASTM D 5053
Elongation -ASTM D 2211 (20/50%)
Flex -W-Flex & To BS 3144:1968
Light Fastness -72 Hrs/93'C
Tearing Strength -ASTM D 4705 (15lbs) & To BS 3144:1968
Wyzenbeek -ASTMD 4157 (100,000 DB. Rubs) completion
Colour fastness: BS1006:1990
All leather to be treated with anti-mould agent during the tanning process
Location
Full-grain leather is to be used in the following locations:
− Inlaid table tops; lounge chairs and couches;
Top-grain leather is to be used in the following locations:
− Dining chairs; leather lined trays, drawers;
Split leather is to be used in the following locations:− Suede;
Leather dyes
For one off items of Full-grain-leathers use only “Aniline Dyes”
For matching set of leather furniture, like Dining chairs; use Semi-aniline dyes.
Unsupported leather
Wherever leather is being used to support a temporary or permanent load, it is to be of minimum thickness 4mm and to be designed in such a way as to allow for continual stretching.
A. FULL ANILINE LEATHER
Naturally finished leather, also referred to as “full-aniline,” is the most supple and sumptuous type of leather on the market. Naturally finished leather undergoes the least amount of processing, leaving its natural character intact. Although it shouldn’t be placed in a location with direct sunlight, naturally finished leather only requires normal care and maintenance
B. NUBUCK LEATHER/ BRUSHED LEATHER
Nubuck leather, often called “brushed” leather, is as soft as naturally finished leather but rovides a brushed look and feel. With noticeable marks and grain variation, nubuck leather is characterized by its lush and luxurious nap. It’s more durable than suede but still requires more care than a natural leather.
C. SUEDE
A finish product by running the surface of leather on a wheel to separate the fibers in order to get the leather a nap. This creates leather that is soft and supple.
D. SEMI-ANILINE LEATHER
Protected leather, also known as “semi-aniline,” features a pigmented finish for better stain protection and color consistency. With protected leather, the natural grain is still evident and the color and texture is noticeably uniform. Ideal for families with children and pets or for high-traffic areas, protected leather is the easiest to clean and care for.
E. BONDED LEATHER
This is leather that is created by the grinding up of leather pieces and mixed with a bonding agent to create a new product. The finish is usually high gloss and shinny.
F. FAUX-LEATHER
Leather that has been created from products not from a natural animal hide. Usually made from a combination of Plastic, Rubber and/or Synthetic that has been bonded to a fabric backing.
6E.6.4 COMPLETION
Warranties
Requirement: Provide Deeds of Warranty for the whole of the signage work including all associated and ancillary work. Refer to Clause WARRANTIES in Section 1B GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.
The Contractor shall carry out the work in a manner which ensures that the warranties of manufacturer’s are not restricted or voided.
Warranty period:
− THREE (3) years.
7A HARD LANDSCAPE
7A.1 GENERAL
7A.1.1 CROSS REFERENCES
General
Refer to the following sections:
− 1B GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
− 1C ADHESIVES, SEALANTS & FASTENERS
− 1D METALS AND PREFINISHES
Related Sections
Refer to the following Sections:
− drainage: 2D STORMWATER
− Surface water drainage 2D STORMWATER
− Concrete: REFER ENGINEERS SPECIFICATION
− Dado Walls: 3D MASONRY
− Waterproofing: 4B WATERPROOFING
− Stone Paving: 5C STONEWORK
− Sealing 5G PAINTING
− Siteworks 5E MINOR LANDSCAPING & SITEWORKS
− Paving: 3B CONCRETE FINISHES
− Paving 5B CEMENTITIOUS TOPPINGS
− Handrail: 6A METAL FIXTURES
7A.1.2 SETOUT
The drawings show the general arrangement and intent of the paving set out and any alternative proposed shall be submitted to the Architect for approval before any unit is laid.
The Contractor shall be responsible for checking all dimensions on site before any work proceeds.
Provide all accessories and perform all operations necessary for the proper execution of first class work including selecting, cutting, bedding, setting, fixings, joint filling, caulking of expansion and control joints and the like.
7A.1.3 SAMPLES AND TESTING
A range of five (5) samples are to be submitted by the Contractor for the following purposes:
i. Selection of an approved sample
ii. Destructive testing
iii. Quality control throughout construction
The kerb units will constitute a concrete mix featuring a specific blend of aggregate type, coloured admixture and surface finish to create a reconstituted stone appearance.
The range of samples shall illustrate the visual and textural effects of variation in admixture tone, colour aggregate type and aggregate size.
Sample units are to be finished on at least two sides illustrating honed finish surface where applicable.
Transverse Strength
The minimum characteristic transverse strength of paving units sampled from lots shall be 4Mpa.
Slip Resistance
Slip resistance of kerb units shall have a minimum coefficient of friction of 0.47 as specified in Australian Standard AS/NZS 3661.1 – Slip Resistance of Pedestrian Surfaces – Part 1.
Abrasion Resistance
The maximum characteristics abrasion loss shall be 5cm³, as determined by the Method of Test for Impact Abrasive Resistance of Fired Pavers B6 (BDRI).
Where this Specification clearly states dimensional and/or other tolerances, methods of testing or other standards, they shall be strictly adhered to and take preference over the tolerances and testing methods listed in the Australian Standards or other Codes.
Submit samples to destructive testing. If samples fail to meet the above requirements provide new samples and testing until requirements are met. The cost of sample supply and testing is to be included in the contract sum.
All units shall be sound and free from cracks or other defects which would interfere with proper placing or impair the strength or permanence of the construction or its appearance.
7A.2 MATERIALS
7A.2.1 GENERALLY
All paving components will be delivered to the site as per the requirements of this specification.
The Contractor will be responsible for setting out the works and installing all units as shown on the plans and details. This work includes laying of pavers.
Marks shall not be made on face surfaces. In face work, all units shall be carefully mixed to ensure an even overall blend of colour, tone, texture and figure.
7A.2.2 GEOTEXTILES
Unless otherwise specified, geotextiles shall be non-woven and shall be made of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester or a combination of the aforesaid materials. Geotextiles shall not be susceptible to bacteria and fungus attack and shall be resistant to chemical action and not affected by exposure to ultra-violet light. Where the geotextiles serve a separation or reinforcement function, class A geotextiles shall be used. Where the geotextiles serve a filtration function, class B geotextiles shall be used. The requirements for class A and class B geotextiles shall be as specified in Table 1. The Contractor shall submit method of laying and jointing to the architect for approval prior to commencement of work.
7A.2.3 WASHED SAND
Sand to comply with SS 31.
Sand to consist of clean, hard, durable silica grains or a combination of naturally occurringgrains and shall be washed free from clay, dust, lumps, soft or flaky particles, shale, salt, alkali,
organic matter.
7A.2.4 SUB-BASE AND BASE
i. Underlying Course
The underlying course shall be checked and accepted by the Architect before placing and spreading of sub-base or base is started. Any ruts or soft, yielding places due to improper drainage conditions, hauling or from any other causes shall be corrected and rolled to the required density before the sub-base or base is placed thereon.
To protect the underlying course and to insure proper drainage, the spreading of the sub-base or base material shall begin along the centreline of the pavement on the crowned section or on the high side of pavements with a one-way slope.
ii. The base aggregate shall consist of graded crushed, clean and hard angular aggregate complying with the requirements of SS 31 and confirming to the gradation shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Gradation of Plant Mixed Crushed Granite Aggregate
| BS Sieve Size | % by Weight Passing |
| 50mm | 100 |
| 37.5mm | 95 – 100 |
| 20mm | 60 – 80 |
| 10mm | 40 – 60 |
| 5 mm | 25 – 45 |
| 2.36mm | 15 – 35 |
| 425 um | 6 – 18 |
| 75 um | 0 – 10 |
When used as a pavement which is to carry a bituminous surfacing, that portion of the material which passes 425 um sieve shall have the following properties:
Liquid Limited not more than 25%
Plasticity Index not more than 6%
Linear Shrinkage not more than 3%
The sand equivalent of the material passing the 4.8mm sieve shall not be less than 30.
When used in a pavement which is not to carry a bituminous surfacing, the portion the material which passes a 425 um shall have the following properties:
Liquid Limit not more than 35% Plasticity Index between 4 and 9% Linear Shrinkage between 2 and 4%
7A.2.5 RIGID PAVEMENT
i. Cement Cement shall be Portland cement complying with one of the following specifications:
Ordinary Portland cement: SS 26 Portland blast-furnace cement: BS 4246 If, for any reason, cement becomes partially set or contains lumps of caked cement, it shall be rejected. Cement salvaged from discarded or used bags shall not be used.
ii. Fine aggregate shall be crushed stone, sand, crushed gravel sand or may be natural sand complying with the requirements of SS 31.
iii. Coarse Aggregate
Coarse aggregate shall be stone or gravel, crushed or uncrushed, complying with the requirements of SS31 and shall not be larger than 20mm.
iv. Tie Bars
Tie bars shall be deformed bars of high yield stress complying with the requirements of SS 2.
v. Dowel Bars
Dowel bars shall be plain mild steel bars complying with the requirements of SS 2 and shall be free from burring or other deformation restricting slippage in the concrete. Before delivery to the construction site, a minimum of two-thirds of the length of each dowel bar shall be painted with one coat of rust preventative paint.
The sleeves for dowel bars used in expansion joints shall be metal, or an approved design to cover 50mm to 75mm of the dowel, with a closed end and with a suitable stop to hold the end of the bar at least 25mm from the closed end of the sleeve. Sleeves shall be of such design that they will not collapse during construction.
vi. Water
Water used in mixing or curing shall be as clean and free of oil, salt, acid, alkali, sugar, vegetable or other substances injurious to the finished product as possible. Water shall be tested in accordance with BS 3148. Water known to be of potable quality may be used without testing.
vii. Admixtures
The use of plasticisers or water-reducing agents or other admixtures shall be approved by the Architect. The Contractor shall submit certificates indicating that the admixture to be furnished meets all the requirements of BS 5075. In addition, the Architect may require the Contractor to submit complete test date from an approved laboratory showing that the admixture to be furnished meets all the requirements of the cited specification.
viii. Steel Reinforcement Steel reinforcement shall comply with the following specifications: Mild steel or deformed bars: SS 2 Mild steel wire: SS 18 Welded steel fabric: SS 32
ix. Premoulded Joint Filler
Premoulded joint filler for expansion joints shall comply with the requirements of ASTM
D1752 and shall be punched to admit the dowel bars where called for on the plans.
For contraction joints, the filler shall be a resin-impregnated fibreboard or self-expanding cork complying with the requirements of ASTM D1752, unless otherwise specified by the Architect.
x. Joint Sealers Joint sealers shall be selected colour silicone, oxine eliminated curing type.
xi. Curing Materials
Curing materials shall comply with the following specifications:
Liquid membrane-forming compounds: ASTM C309, Type 2
White polyethylene film: ASTM C171
White burlap-polyethylene sheeting: ASTM C171
xii. Waterproofing Membrane
A waterproofing membrane complying with the requirements of BS 1521 Class BIF shall be provided on top of the prepared subgrade or sub-base, unless otherwise specified by the Architect. Where an overlap of the membrane is necessary this shall be at least 300mm.
7A.2.6 WASHED AGGREGATE
Refer Section 5B CEMENTITIOUS TOPPINGS
7A.2.7 LOOSE PEBBLES SURFACE
To be black river washed stones. Refer: Section 5E SITEWORKS
7A.2.8 PAVING DIVISION STRIPS
To be natural anodized extruded aluminium 50X10X3 RHS where not otherwise specified in other Sections.
7A.3 PRECAST CONCRETE KERB UNITS
7A.3.1 GENERALLY
Manufacture, supply and deliver honed precast concrete kerb units to be supplied by a manufacturer with a minimum of ten (10) years continuous experience.
A range of five (5) samples are to be submitted by the Contractor for the following purposes:
i. Selection of an approved sample
ii. Destructive testing
iii. Quality control throughout construction
The kerb units will constitute a concrete mix featuring a specific blend of aggregate type, coloured admixture and surface finish to create a reconstituted stone appearance.
The kerb units are nominally 800 x 400 x 210 mm with a 25 mm arris to the top edges. Refer to details for the approximate shape and dimensions of special kerb units for corners and ends of planting areas. Prepare detailed shop drawings for approval of all different kerb types showing, dimensions, tolerances, finish of each face, number of each unit, kerb setouts in plan etc.
Tolerance on Dimensions
Plan Dimensions
Plans dimensions of the manufactured kerb units shall be such that the variation from the theoretical, any depth through the kerb, shall be ±2mm.
Thickness Dimensions
The minimum thickness after surface treatment of any block shall be within ±2mm of the manufacturer’s nominated thickness.
Tolerance on Flatness
The following tolerance for flatness of kerb surface face is required:
Preferred Finish Flat Tolerance ±2mm measured in all three (3) face directions, i.e. lengthwise, across face and diagonally. In addition to the above tolerances, 3 units when placed end on end, on a truly level surface, shall have a tolerance of ±3mm.
The range of samples shall illustrate the visual and textural effects of variation in admixture tone, colour aggregate type and aggregate size.
Samples units are to be finished on at least two sides illustrating honed finish surface.
7A.3.2 MATERIALS
Aggregates
The aggregate for all kerb units is to be a mixture of 10mm quartz and basalt crushed aggregates. Submit samples of aggregate mixtures for approval.
Reinforcement
The Contractor is responsible for the design, supply, fabrication and installation of reinforcement for the precast kerb units in accordance with AS 3600. The concrete cover to reinforcement is to be in accordance with Clause 4.10 of AS 3600. Support reinforcement mats and cages within the kerb unit such that the correct concrete cover is maintained during curing, however such that bar chairs or other supports are not visible in the exposed faces of the kerb units.
7A.3.3 INSTALLATION
Install kerbing to levels and falls indicated, in accordance with plans and details.
Before work proceeds, the concrete base slab shall be thoroughly cleaned as required. The surface shall be thoroughly wetted with all free water removed before application of new
materials.
Install kerb units on mortar base and concrete slab as detailed.
Provide a 5mm mortar join between kerb units except at expansion joints. Where expansion joints occur in the paving, align and express these joints in the kerb.
Provide all accessories and perform all operations necessary for the proper execution of first class work including selecting, cutting, bedding, setting, fixings, joint filling caulking of
expansion and control joints and the like.
All mortar used to be:
− Mortar mix to be 1 cement : 4 sand
− Cement to be blended cement with fly ash content approximately 25% (which is readily available in bags)
− Sand must be clean, washed, medium to fine and free of all constraints likely to contribute to staining or efflorescence
− Gauge boxes for proportioning of the cement and sand must be used 32MPa strength
7A.4 INTERLOCKING CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
7A.4.1 GENERAL
This section shall apply to the supply and laying of interlocking concrete block paving (including bedding sand) to the previously prepared pavements.
7A.4.2 DEFINITIONS
Paving Unit
A manufactured unit with plane or dentated sides and with top and bottom faces parallel, with chamfers between the upper (wearing) surface and the sides, intended or use in roadways, parking areas, industrial hard standings and areas subject to pedestrian movements and/or vehicular traffic.
Interlock
The capacity of concrete paving units to develop mechanical horizontal and vertical resistance to relative movement between adjacent units laid in a pavement, by the interaction of the dentated sides or by the frictional forces developed by granular material vibrated into the vertical joints or by the laying pattern or by any combination of the three.
Nett Area
The plan area of the top surface of the unit bounded by the chamfer or radius.
7A.4.3 INTERLOCKING PAVING UNITS
Dimensional properties
Block shape
Blocks shall be as shown on the drawings, capable of being laid in a herringbone bond.
Tolerances on Dimensions
The dimensions of any unit shall be such that any point on the external vertical surfaces of that unit shall be within ±2mm of the theoretical position of that point according to the approved manufacturing dimensions. Detailed unit dimensions shall be submitted to the Superintendent for approval. No units shall be brought onto site until the Superintendent has given approval in writing of the proposed manufacturing dimensions.
Thickness
The thickness of any block shall be within ±3mm of the nominated thickness (80mm).
Nett Area
The nett area of any paving unit shall not be less than 75% of the gross plan area.
7A.4.4 STRENGTH
The characteristic compressive strength shall be 45 MPa. The method of determining compressive strength shall be as detailed in Appendix A of the Concrete Masonry Association of Australia specification reference MA 15 “Interim Specification for Interlock Paving Units” March 1980.
7A.4.5 APPEARANCE
All units shall be sound and free from cracks or other defect which may interfere with proper placing or impair the strength of permanence of the construction or the appearance of these units.
Paving units shall be coloured and of rough surface texture to the approval of the Superintendent.
Prior to the ordering and delivery of any paving units to site colour samples each consisting of a minimum of 20 units shall be provided for the Superintendent in order that a colour and texture selection can be made. The sample so selected shall become the reference sample gainst which the colour and texture of the units as delivered and placed shall be compared.
7A.4.6 BEDDING SAND
The bedding sand shall be free of deleterious soluble salts and/or other contaminants likely, in the opinion of the Superintendent, to cause efflorescence or lead to reduced skid resistance.
7A.4.7 SPREADING BEDDING SAND
Prior to placing bedding sand the base shall be sealed with a coat of bitumen sealer, applied at a minimum rate of 1.0 litres/square metre and allowed to cure for a minimum of 24 hours.
The bedding sand shall be spread loose, in a uniform layer. The loose depth necessary to achieve the compacted depth specified below shall be determined by field trials prior to spreading.
The sand bedding shall be screened in a loose condition to the nominated design level and profile, plus the necessary surcharge to achieve a uniformly thick layer, following compaction. Under no circumstances shall the compacted thickness of the sand vary from the thickness nominated on the Drawings by more than 2mm.
7A.4.8 LAYING PAVING UNITS
Placement
Laying of paving units shall be undertaken only by crew experienced in the laying of interlocking concrete paving blocks in high strength pavements. The Contractor shall obtain the Superintendents approval of his proposed laying crew prior to commencement of paving.
Paving units shall be placed on the uncompacted screened sand bedding to a herringbone pattern, care being taken to maintain the specified pattern throughout the job. Paving units shall be placed to achieve a positive gap of 3mm ± 1mm between units. All joints shall be correctly placed to suit the nominated laying pattern, alignment and bond.
The first row shall abut an edge restraint with a gap of 2 to 4mm and shall be laid at a suitable angle to the edge in the completed pavement. Under no circumstances is laying to be undertaken on two or more fronts working towards one another.
In each row all full units shall be laid first. Closure units shall be cut and fitted subsequently. Units shall be cut only using an approved power saw and cutting blades. The minimum size of a closure unit shall be 1/3 of a full unit.
Except where it is necessary to correct any minor variations occurring in the laying bond the paving units shall not be hammered or forced into position. Where adjustment of position is necessary care shall be taken to avoid premature compaction of the sand bedding.
Compaction
After laying, the paving units shall be compacted to achieve consolidation of the sand bedding and brought to design levels and profiles by not less than two passes of a suitable plate compactor.
The compactor shall be a high-frequency, low-amplitude mechanical flat plat vibrator having a plate area sufficient to cover a minimum of 12 paving units.
The vibrator shall have a centrifugal force of approximately 16 to 20 kN and a frequency of approximately 75 to 100kN.
Compaction shall proceed as closely as possible following laying and prior to the acceptance of any traffic.
Compaction shall not be attempted, however, within one metre of the laying face. Compaction shall continue until lapping has eliminated between adjoining units. Joints shall then be filled and compacted as hereinafter described.
At no stage shall compaction be more than 4m from the laying face.
All work to within one metre of the laying face must be left fully compacted at the completion of each day’s laying.
Damaged Units
Any units which are structurally and/or visually damaged during compaction shall be immediately removed and replaced. The area so disturbed shall be reinstated so as to meet the full requirements of this Specification.
Filling Joints
As soon as practical alter compaction, and in any case prior to the termination of work on the day and prior to the acceptance of any traffic, and for joint-filling shall be spread over the pavement. The joint-filling sand shall conform to the following grading limits:
A.S. Sieve % Passing
2.36mm 100
1.18m 90 – 100
0.6mm 60 – 90
0.3mm 30 – 90
0.15mm 15 – 30
0.075mm 10 -20
Sand for joint filling shall be free of deleterious soluble salts or other contaminants likely to cause efflorescence or staining or lead to reduced skid resistance.
Sand for joint filling shall be dry prior to spreading and brooming into the joint. At least one pass of the vibrating-plate compactor shall be made to achieve compaction of the jointing-filling sand. After the first pass joints shall be checked for adequacy of filling and any shortfall shall be made good prior to a further pass of the compactor.
At no stage shall joint fill sand be more than 5m from the laying face.
Pavement Rolling
As soon as possible after the filling of joints, the pavement shall receive 15 passes of a pneumatic-tyred roller having a wheel load of 1 tonne and type pressure of 700 kPa. This is to be followed by 15 passes of a pneumatic tyred roller having a wheel load of 2.5 tonnes and a type pressure of 700 kPa.
7B SOFT LANDSCAPE
7B.1 GENERAL
7B.1.1 CROSS REFERENCES
General
Refer to the following sections:
− 1A GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Related Sections:
Refer to the following sections:
− Drainage 2D STORMWATER.
− Paving 3B CONCRETE FINISHES
− Planter beds preparation 7A HARD LANDSCAPE
− Geotextile sheeting 7A HARD LANDSCAPE
− Stones and pebbles 7A HARD LANDSCAPE
− Washed sand: 7A HARD LANDSCAPE
7B.1.2 SCOPE OF WORK
Description
Provide landscape plantings in the areas shown on the drawings with plants in a healthy, vigorous growing condition. All work indicated on the drawings by notes shall be provided whether or not specifically mentioned in this Specifications. Any items not specifically shown in the drawings or specified, but normally required to conform with such intent, are considered part of the work.
Insure the acquisition and installation of healthy plant materials of the highest quality in the quantity desired specifically for this project.
Work Included
The work of this Section includes but is not limited to the following:
− imported screened soil
− fine grading
− ground preparation and drainage condition
− planting operations
− fertilizers
− root control barriers
− soil retention system
− galvanized steel plate borders
− maintenance
− warranty
7B.2 QUALITY
7B.2.1 INSPECTION
Witness points
Give sufficient notice so that inspection can be made of all plants and trees at the growers nursery.
Hold points
Approval of all plants and trees.
Approval of all
7B.2.2 SAMPLES AND TESTING
General
Submit samples of the following:
− A 1-litre sample of the proposed Topsoil, Soil Mix, Fertilizer and Manure, shall be submitted by the Landscape Contractor for testing by an agronimic laboratory, such as the Plant Health Branch of the Agri-food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore. Tests costs to be borne by the Landscape Contractor and results submitted to the Architect.
− Tree stakes and wire ties.
− Root barriers where required.
7B.3 EARTHWORKS AND GROUND PREPARATION
7B.3.1 GENERAL
The Landscape Contractor shall provide all necessary labour, equipment, machinery, etc. as required to carry out the works.
Earthworks and ground preparation shall involve, but not limited to general ground clearance and excavation for planting works. Installation of required landscape sub-soil drainage cells, soil retention system, root barrier panels and other related ancillary works as specified herein or shown on the Landscape Drawings.
Backfill with approved soil mix to required contours and levels.
Planting pits shall be excavated to the following dimensions:Tree planting pits 1.8m diam. x 1.2m deep.
Turf areas Area of turfing x 0.3m deep.
All planting pits shall be inspected at completion of excavation and approved before any
backfilling of planting soil.
7B.4 MATERIALS
7B.4.1 TOPSOIL
Natural, friable, fertile, fine loamy soil possessing the characteristics of representative topsoil in the vicinity which produces a heavy growth; free from subsoil, objectionable weeds (especially nutgrass), litter, sods, stiff clay, stones, roots, trash, toxic substances, or any other materials which may be harmful to plant growth or hinder planting operations; having a minimum pH of 5.0 and a maximum pH of 7.0 and obtained from naturally well drained areas which have never been stripped before. (Topsoil shall not be delivered in a muddy condition).
The soil shall contain no less than 3% (by weight by Dicromate Oxidation Method at 100 – 100 C) of organic matter. The Contractor shall submit in writing the location of soil to be imported to the Owner’s authorised representative for approval.
All above components subject to approval of the Owner’s authorised representative prior to use. If certain plants require special alteration to this specified plant growing media to obtain optimum growing conditions, the contractor may vary the media composition only if written approval is first obtained from the Construction Manager.
The Contractor shall be responsible for the test of pH and organic matter content.
For the soil having pH lower than 5.0 must be adjusted to 6.5 by adding specified lime at the rate shown in the table below. Soil having a pH value lower than 5.0 shall be rejected. The Contractor shall be responsible for the cost of upgrading soil pH
Table for adjusting pH value
| | |
|---|---|---|
| 6.0 | 6.5 | 0.80 |
| 5.5 | 6.5 | 1.60 |
| 5.0 | 6.5 | 2.40 |
For the soil which contains less than 3% of the organic matter content (OM) may be allowed with the Architect’s approval. The Contractor shall be responsible for improving the content by mixing the soil with manure or BMA compost (municipality) #901 in accordance with the table below at his own expense. Soil contains organic matter less than 1% shall be rejected.
Table for adding manure or BMA compost # 901
    |             |                        |
|---|---|---|
| 1.0% -1.5% | 3.0% | 60 – 80 |
| 1.5% -2.0% | 3.0% | 40 – 60 |
| 2.0% -2.5% | 3.0% | 20 – 40 |
| 2.5% -3.0% | 3.0% | 0 – 20 |
7B.4.2 SOIL MIX
Soil mix shall consist of topsoil, soil conditioner or compost, sand and lightweight aggregates, in the following proportion:
For trees, shrubs and groundcovers planting (1.2m deep)
Topsoil 30%
Soil Conditioner 20%
Sand (washed, coarse) 30%
Lightweight aggregates 20%
For turfing (300mm deep)
Topsoil 20%
Soil Conditioner 20%
Sand (washed, coarse) 60%
A 1-litre sample of each soil mix shall be tested at an agronimic laboratory, such as the Plant
Health Branch of the Agri-food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore.
The soil mix analysis shall include but not limited to soil structure and composition, pH,
nutrients values of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter content, soil pests and
diseases, soil pathogens and nematodes, comments and recommendations of Agronomist.
7B.4.3 FERTILIZER
The commercial fertilizer shall be a complete formula 16-16-16, applied at the rate of 12 kg/100 m2, uniform in composition, free flowing and suitable for application with approved equipment, delivered to the site in un-opened containers, each fully labelled, and each bearing the name or mark of the manufacturer. Thoroughly roto-tilling at the depth of at least 20 cm after applying fertilizer.
7B.4.4 MANURE
Shall be well rotted cattle manure, poultry manure, or as approved or BMA Compost #901.
7B.4.5 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
Wood tree stakes
75x75x2000mm rough construction grade hardwood with no paint or stain. Bamboo may be
substituted.
Hose and wire ties
13mm dia hose with 2mm galvanized steel cable.
Guy wire
2mm galvanized wire.
Turnbuckles
5mm galvanized steel
Tree paint
Santar-A. or equal.
Galvanised steel plate borders
To be heavily galvanized and of minimum thicknesses:
− 4mm where the difference in height does not exceed 100mm.
− 6mm where the difference in height does not exceed 300mm.
Plate thickness is governed by the maximum thickness requirement.
Width of plate is to be double the retaining height. Dig and hammer in position so that the plate is not bent or damaged in any way. If the soil is to hard to hammer, Dig in and set in a suitable concrete base. Apply 2 coats of bitumen paint where set in concrete.
7B.5 PLANT MATERIAL
7B.5.1 TREES GENERALLY
Trees specification shall include overall height, girth or circumference of the trunk, tree form and branching required, quantity, planting distance, advance growing and preparation in nursery.
Plant Acquisition
All plants should be ready for planting 2 weeks prior to planting time for inspection by the Owner’s Authorised Representative at the grower’s nursery. Approval of plants at the source does not alter the right of rejection at the project site.
Substitution
Substitutions of plant materials will not be permitted unless authorized in writing by Owner’s Authorised Representative. If proof is submitted that specific plants or sizes are unobtainable, a proposal will be considered for nearest equivalent size or variety with equitable adjustment of contract price.
Construction Schedule
After award of the contract, provide a written projected planting schedule noting the estimated completion date, number of working days required and any special co-ordination requirements. The Landscape Contractor shall schedule his works to suit the overall programme and to the satisfaction of the Main Contractor and the Architect.
Planting Layout
Stake out all plants and planting areas as indicated on the drawings with plant identification stakes; defer excavation until such locations have been approved by Architect.
7B.5.2 SAMANEA SAMAN (RAINTREE)
Instant tree Minimum overall height: 4.0m Minimum girth: 0.6m 3 main branches
7B.5.3 TABEBUIA PENTAPHYLLA ‘ROSEA’
Minimum overall height: 4.0m Minimum girth: 0.45m 3 main branches
7B.5.4 PLUMERIA (WHITE)
Minimum overall height: 3.5m Minimum girth: 0.5m 3 main sculptural branches
7B.5.5 PELTOPHORUM PTEROCARPUM (YELLOW FLAME)
Minimum overall height: 4.0m Minimum girth: 0.5m 3 main branches
7B.5.6 BOUNDARY TREES
All trees to be in good form to architect’s approval. All species below to meet the following min requirement. Minimum overall height: 3.0m Minimum girth: 150mm diameter Spacing: 4.0m centres, double layer
7B.5.6.1 Eugenia Grandis (Jambut Laut)
7B.5.6.2 Dyera Costulata (Jelutong)
7B.5.6.3 Fagraea Fragrans (Tembusu)
7B.5.6.4 Khaya Grandifoliola (African Mahogany)
7B.5.6.5 Mesua Ferrea (Ironwood Tree)
7B.5.6.6 Stereospermum Fimbriatum (Snake Tree)
7B.5.6.7 Swietenia Macrophylla (Broad Leaf Mahogany)
7B.5.7 ERYTHRINA FUSCA (CORAL TREE)
Tree to have twisted trunk with good and structural form.
Minimum overall height: 4.0m
Minimum spread: 5.0m
Minimum girth: 200mm diameter
7B.5.8 PELTOPHORUM PTEROCARPUM (YELLOW FLAME)
Minimum overall height: 5.0m
Minimum spread: 3.0m
Minimum girth: 100mm diameter
7B.5.9 PLUMERIA RUBRA (FRANGIPANI)
With yellow flowers
Minimum overall height: 3.0m
Minimum spread: 3.0m
Minimum girth: 150mm diameter
7B.5.10 PLUMERIA OBTUSA (FRANGIPANI)
With white flowers
Minimum overall height: 3.0m
Minimum spread: 3.0m
Minimum girth: 150mm diameter
7B.5.11 DALBERGIA LATIFOLIA (INDIAN ROSEWOOD)
Minimum overall height: 3.0m
Minimum spread: 3.0m
Minimum girth: 150mm diameter
7B.5.12 ONCOSPERMA TIGILLARIUM (NIBUNG PALM)
Each tree to have a minimum group of 3 stems
Minimum overall height: 6.0m
Minimum spread: 3.0m
7B.5.13 CARYOTA CIMINGII (FISH TAIL PALM)
Each tree to have multiple stems
Minimum overall height: 4.0m to 5.0m
Minimum spread: 2.0m
7B.5.14 CINNAMOMUM INERS (WILD CINNAMON)
Planted at 3.0m centres Minimum overall height: 3.0m to 4.0m Minimum spread: 2.0m
7B.5.15 CYATHEA (TREE FERN)
Planted at 1.2m centres Minimum overall height: 2.0m to 3.0m Minimum spread: 1.5m to 2.0m
7B.5.16 CAESALPINIA FERREA (BRAZILLIAN IRONWOOD)
Minimum overall height: 6.0m Minimum spread: 3.0m Minimum girth: 100mm diameter
7B.5.17 PHYLLOSTACHIS NIAGRA (BLACK STEM BAMBOO)
Minimum overall height: 2.0m to 3.0m Stems must not be cut. Minimum 50mm diameter for each stem. Each plant must have a minimum group of 3 stems.
7B.5.18 THYRSOSTACHIS SIAMENSIS (GREEN STEM BAMBOO)
Minimum overall height: 2.0m to 3.0m Stems must not be cut. Minimum 40mm diameter for each stem. Each plant must have a minimum group of 5 stems.
7B.5.19 BUCIDIA MOLINETI (SPINY BLACK OLIVE, COMBRETACEAE)
Minimum overall height: 6.0m Minimum spread: 3.0m Minimum girth: 100mm diameter
7B.5.20 SALIX BABYLONICA (WEEPING WILLOW)
Minimum overall height: 4.0m Minimum spread: 4.0m Minimum girth: 150mm diameter
7B.6 SHRUBS AND GROUNDCOVERS
Shrubs and groundcovers specification shall include height and spread of plant, the planting distance between each plant, quantity of plants per square metre of planting area.
7B.6.1 EHRETIA MICROPHYLLA
Minimum overall height: 0.5m Minimum spread: 0.5m Close planting at 0.25 c/c to form instant hedge
7B.6.2 OPHIOPOGON JAPONICUS (LARGE MONDO GRASS)
Spacing: 200mm centres
7B.6.3 FICUS PUMILA (CREEPING FIG)
Spacing; 200mm centres
7B.6.4 PEPEROMIA
Species to Architect’s approval
Spacing: 200mm centres
7B.6.5 PHYLLANTHUS MYRTIFOLIUS
Spacing: 200mm centres
7B.6.6 ZEPHYRANTHES CANDIDA (ZEPHYR LILY)
With white and yellow flowers
Spacing: 300mm centres
7B.6.7 ORTHOSIPHON STAMINEUS (O. ARISTATUS) (CAT’S WHISKERS)
Spacing: 300 centres
7B.6.8 SHIBATAEA KUMASASA (DWARF BUSHY BAMBOO)
Species to Architect’s approval
Spacing: 200 centres
7B.6.9 ETLINGERA ELATIOR (TORCH GINGER)
Spacing: 600 centres
Minimum overall height: 1.5m to 2.0m
Minimum 3 stems per plant
7B.6.10 HELICONIA STRICTA (DWARD JAMAICAN HELICONIA)
Or equivalent to Architect’s approval
Spacing: 200mm centres
Overall height: 1 ft
7B.6.11 HELICONIA VARIETY
7B.6.11.1 Heliconia Caribaea Lamarck cv Gold
Spacing: 300 centres
Overall height: 6ft to 7ft
7B.6.11.2 Heliconia Stricta Hubert cv Dimples
Spacing: 300 centres Overall height: 2ft to 4ft
7B.6.11.3 Heliconia Psittacorum L F X H Spathocircinata Aristeguieta cv Golden Torch Adrian
Spacing: 300mm centres Overall height: 2ft to 4ft
7B.6.12 FERN VARIETY
Spacing: 200mm centres
7B.6.12.1 Nephrolepis Biserrata
7B.6.12.2 Selaginella
7B.6.12.3 Acrostichum Aureum (Swamp Fern)
7B.6.12.4 Adiantum Latifolium
7B.6.12.5 Matonia Pectinata
7B.6.12.6 Mesophlebion Chlamydophorum
7B.6.12.7 Asplenium Nidus (Bird’s Nest Fern)
7B.6.12.8 Heterogonium Sagenoides
Spacing: 300mm centres
7B.6.12.9 Adiantum Caudatum (Maiden Hair Fern)
Spacing: 500mm centres
7B.6.13 EUGENIA OLENIA
Minimum overall height1.5m Minimum spread: 1.0m Spacing: 1.0m centres
7B.6.14 SHRUB VARIETY
7B.6.14.1 Calliandra Surinamensis
Spacing: 1.2m to 1.5m centres
7B.6.14.2 Rhapis Humillis (Lady Palm)
Spacing: 600mm centres
7B.6.14.3 Philodendron Bipinnatifidum
Spacing: 1.2m centres
7B.6.14.4 Tabernaemontana
Spacing: 1.2m centres
7B.6.15 AZOLLA PINNATA (MOSQUITO FERN)
To cover 5m² surface area per water garden at columbarium
7B.6.16 NYMPHAEA (WATER LILY)
To come in pots: yellow and white flowers
7B.6.17 LOTUS
To come in pots
7B.6.18 CYPERUS PAPYRUS (PAPER REED)
To come in pots
7B.7 TURFING
The specification for turfing shall include species of grass, dimensions of each piece of grass
sod, the planting distance, the area of turfing required.
Turf species shall be:
7B.7.1 AXONOPUS (PEARL GRASS)
Each piece of grass sod shall be square shape, 0.3m x 0.3m x 50mm thick with well-developed mat of roots and soil, and planted in close turfing.
7B.7.2 HIGH QUALITY COW GRASS
7B.8 EXECUTION
7B.8.1 CLEARING
Before installation work begins ensure that all rubbish and other undesirable materials have been removed from the planting areas. Planters in areas that have been waterproofed by the General Construction Contractor should be filled with water before filling to ensure proper drainage and complete waterproofing of the structure.
7B.8.2 FINE GRADING
Adjust finish grading with imported screened soil as necessary grades shall be smooth and even on a uniform plane with no abrupt changes or pockets, shall slope away from all buildings and should have a positive slope to drain inlets. Verify the surface drainage of all planting areas, and notify the General Construction Contractor of any discrepancy obstructions, or other conditions considered detrimental to proper execution of the work.